Hope is so much more than just a mindset or a wish! It is the motivational state of derived of both:
Goal directed agency - motivation
A plan to meet the goal - the pathways
If we don't have a plan, "hope " is just a desire for something that is not yet real to us. And in all levels of education, we need approaches that help students navigate ambiguity, and change and re-goal - the best tool I have found is making a PACT with yourself! (Ness Labs has great guidance about this!)
The "plan" doesn't have to be anything fancy, maybe just deciding to work on something for 30 minutes in five mornings - and see how it might work. And if it does, great! If not, jsut try something else.
I will [action] for [duration]
I think the most important part is to create a plan that is simple enough...and sometimes small enough. I have learned that for me getting started is sometimes hard, so making a pact of starting helps be to get things done.
While learning new things, having someone to listen to worries, answer questions and offer support is a practical way to increase hope. This is why I like mentoring teachers and students earning their teaching degrees!
HOPE is based on the original research of Snyder, C. R., Shane J. Lopez, Hal S. Shorey, Kevin L. Rand, and David B. Feldman. "Hope Theory, Measurements, and Applications to School Psychology." School Psychology Quarterly 18.2 (2003): 122-39.
Hope in academia is discussed here: https://forum.academica.ca/forum/illuminatinghope-anita-abraham
PACT is adopted from Ness Labs: https://nesslabs.com/blog